Kozlov, M.V., Haukioja, E. & Yarmishko, V.T. (Eds).
Aerial pollution in Kola Peninsula: Proceedings of the International Workshop,
April 14-16, 1992, St.Petersburg. Apatity, 1993, pp. 119-147
Soil contaminatioon by nickel and copper in area polluted by "Severonikel" smelter complex
Valery Sh.Barkan, Rimma P.Pankratova, Anna V.Silina
Lapland Biosphere Reserve, 184280 Monchegorsk, Murmansk region, Russia
Murmansk Regional Laboratory of Arkhangelsk Forest Institute, 184280 Monchegorsk, Murmansk region, Russia
Abstract
Data on metal content in forest podzol soils (illuvial ferriferous rich humus) and sphagnum peat bogs affected by aerial emissions are given. The polluted territory exceeded 3000 km2. The nickel and copper concentrations within 10-12 km radius were 50-80 times higher compared with the unpolluted territories. Content of metals in sphagnum peat bogs correlated with ones in forest soils from the same plots; thus, the bogs are very convenient objects for the analyze of metal accumulation.
1. Introduction
The "Severonikel" smelter complex is situated in Monchegorsk (latitude 680N), the Kola Peninsula, at the border of the northern taiga and near-tundra forest zones. The annual pollution in 1987 into the atmosphere was 2.2-2.4 x 108kg of S02 and 8-10 x 106kg of nickel and copper (Anonymous, 1988). Heavy metals are emitted in the form of metallurgical dust and aerosols. The pollutants are dispersed over distances of tens to hundreds of kilometres from the smelter. The deposition pattern of metal-containing compounds is determined by the size of particles, wind direction and relief of the territory.
The effects of pollutants emitted during 50 years of operation are disastrous for the environment. About 25000 ha of forest are completely destroyed, and about 45000 ha are significantly damaged and will most likely decline in 15-20 years. Around 400000 ha of forest already showed signs of damage (Tsvetkov, 1990a). The border of complete forest destruction last years moved 1 km annually, but recently the speed increased up to 2-3 km.
The environmental pollution in surroundings of Monchegorsk were studied by many researchers (Alestchukin, 1972; Doncheva, 1976, 1978; Boltneva e.a., 1978; Kashulina, 1982, 1988; Evdokimova, 1984,1985, 1985; Karaban e.a., 1985; Tsvetkov, 1985, 1990; Kryuchkov & Makarova, 1989; Alexeyev, 1990; Norin & Yarmishko, 1990). Increase of the content of heavy metals close to the smelter was repeatedly reported, but only fragmentary data (mostly restricted to the road St.-Petersburg - Murmansk) have been published.
The aim of this study is to outline zones with different levels of soil contamination by nickel and copper. More than half of collected soil samples are not analyzed yet, and the complete results will be published elsewhere.
2. Materials and methods
The soil samples were collected around "Severonikel" smelter complex, mostly in forests, but also inside the town of Monchegorsk and on sphagnum peat bogs.
Exchangeable acidity and mobile aluminium were determined from a IN NaCl extract according to Sokolov, total titratable acidity from a NR, acetate extract according to Kappen, exchangeable calcium and magnesium by titration with EDTA from a IN NaCl extract, the organic matter content according to the Tiurin method, total nitrogen by the Kjeldahl method, mobile phosphorus and exchangeable potassium according to Kirsanov, alkaline hydrolysable nitrogen according to Cornfilde. For the descriptions of methods, see Arinushkina (1970) and Sokolov (1975).
The total Ni and Cu contents were determined after ashing the samples at 450-5000 Ñ and extraction with acid by colorimetric method after complexation with dimethylglyoxime for Ni, and by reaction with lead diethyl carbamate after extraction with chloroform for Cu (Anonymous, 1988).
Results and Discussion
It is generally accepted that exchangeable cations are leached from the exchange sites in the soil as a result of acidic deposition, and change subsequently take place in the nutrient balance of the soil. This is especially the case for Ca, Mg, N and K. In our case, however, a clear relationship between the basic/acidic properties of the soil and deposition levels could only be demonstrated in areas where the pollution level is very high, i.e. at distances of less than 10 km from the complex. However, no signs of acidification were found on such plots. The soils investigated in this study are naturally very acidic: the pH of the A0 horizon 3.0-3.5, but in the deeper layers less acidic (4.3-5.4) (Tab. 2.)
The Ni and Cu contents of all the affected soils were very high, especially in the A0 horizon (Tabs 3-4). 40-50 km NE of the complex, concentrations in the A0 herizon were 2-3 times higher compared with the background levels; 30 km S - 20 times; 10-12 km 50-80 times higher. Total accumulation, i.e. the amount of Ni and Cu in a whole soil profile down to a subsoil, exceeded the background level 8-9 times on some of the most severely polluted plots. In general, the Ni and Cu contents fell with increasing distance from the smelter; the fluctuations of contents are due to terrain factors (Figs 1-2).


Nickel and copper emissions from the complex increased 3.5 times during the past 20 years, and a sudden increase of 2-2.5 times was occurred in 1982 (Anonymous, 1980, 1981, 1987, 1988). The deposition of Ni and Cu on the soil surface obviously greatly exceeds the natural leaching of these metals, and the contents of Ni and Cu increased rapidly (Tab. 1). The level of Ni in the upper soil layer increased 1.5-2, Cu - 2-6 times during 10 years. The greater increase in Cu contents is due to the sharp rise of copper emissions during 1980-88.
The content of nickel and copper in sphagnum peat bogs (Tab. 5) was at the same level as in the forest soils from the same plots (Tab. 2). Thus, sphagnum peat bogs are very convenient objects for estimation of heavy metal accumulation: they are widely distributed at Kola Peninsula, sampling and treatment are less laborous, and variation is lower compared with forest soils.
Table 1
The increase of metal contents in the organic layer on plots located close to the smelter during 10 years. |
¹/¹ | Plot position |
Category | Content, mg/kg dry soil |
dis- | azimuth | nickel |
copper |
km | (°) | 1979 | 1988 | ratio | 1979 | 1988 | ratio |
1 | 6 | 180 | Fumes | 1860 | 2573 | 1.4 | 863 | 2079 | 2.4 |
2 | 2.5 | 270 | Clearing | 1077 | 1334 | 1.2 | 399 | 486 | 1.2 |
3 | 3 | 15 | Fumes | 4476 | 9288 | 2.1 | 1814 | 4262 | 2.3 |
4 | 1.5 | 290 | Meadow | 1306 | 2798 | 2.1 | 458 | 1552 | 3.4 |
5 | 2.5 | 15 | Eroded* | 240 | 347 | 1.4 | 111 | 653 | 5.9 |
* Analyses done on the  horizon. |
Conclusions
Emissions of metal-containing dust from "Severonikel" smelter complex over 50-year period resulted in the soil contamination by nickel and copper over the area >3000 km2, including the half of territory of the Lapland Biosphere Reserve. The concentrations of Ni and Cu rapidly increased close to the smelter; within 10-12 km radius, metal content in the A0 horizon was 50-80 times higher compared with the background level.
Table 2
Chemical properties of the soils |
H o r i z o n |
Organic matter content % |
Total Nitrogen % |
Ph |
Acidity |
Exchan geable bases |
Exchan geable aluminium |
Satura tion base % |
P |
K |
Alkaline hydrolis. Nitrogen |
H20 |
KCI |
exchan geable |
total titratable |
Ca |
Hg |
meg per 100 g of dry matter |
meg per 100 g of dry matter |
Vacciniun Vitis-Idaea pine forest |
Ao | 49.0 | 0.70 | 4.3 | 3.3 | 11.2 | 61.1 | 10.0 | 2.3 | 8.5 | 17 | 9.0 | 26 | 57 |
|
31.0-58.4 | 0.2-0.9 | 4.0-4.6 | 3.1-3.5 | 7.7-15.7 | 51.2-79.2 | 6.2-16.5 | 1.4-4.2 | 5.1-14.7 | 14-27 | 6-14 | 13-133 | 39-79 |
A2 | 2.7 | 0.07 | 4.3 | 3.8 | 1.7 | 5.7 | 0.3 | 0.1 | 1.6 | 7 | 0.2 | 0.8 | 6 |
|
1.5-4.7 | 0.01-0.1 | 4.1-5.2 | 3.3-4,2 | 0.9-2.9 | 2.6-10.0 | 0.1-0.8 | tr.-0.14 | 18-2.8 | 2-19 | 0.06-0.6 | 0.4-1.6 | 4-17 |
 | 3.2 | 0.08 | 5.2 | 4.8 | 0.7 | 5.5 | 0.3 | 0.03 | 0.7 | 6 | 2.0 | 0.4 | 9 |
|
1.6-5.6 | 0.02-0.15 | 4.8-5,7 | 4.6-5.2 | 0.2-2.1 | 3.2-9.5 | 0.03-0.7 | tr.-0.06 | 0.1-2.0 | 1-19 | 0.8-5.6 | 0.4-1.2 | 4-16 |
ÂÑ | 1.1 | 0.05 | 5.2 | 5.0 | 0.4 | 2.7 | 0.2 | 0.06 | 0.4 | 9 | 3.0 | 0.8 | 5 |
|
0.5-2.0 | 0.02-0.1 | 5.1-6.1 | 4.5-5.4 | 0.1-1.3 | 1.2-4.2 | 0.03-0.5 | tr.-0.2 | 0.1-1.3 | 2-21 | 1.4-7.4 | 0.4-3.6 | 4-8 |
Ñ | 0.6 | 0.04 | 5.9 | 4.9 | 0.3 | 1.6 | 0.2 | 0.03 | 0.2 | 13 | 5.0 | 0.4 | 4 |
|
0.3-1.1 | 0.01-0.1 | 5.4-6.4 | 4.6-5.3 | 0.1-0.9 | 0.7-2.7 | tr.-0.2 | tr.-0.7 | 0.1-1.0 | 3-35 | 0.6-11 | 0.1-1.2 | 2-7 |
Eupetrum apruce forest |
Ao | 66.4 | 1.00 | 4.1 | 3.2 | 9.4 | 80.5 | 13.2 | 1.8 | 4.7 | 16 | 10.0 | 30 | 82 |
|
53.7-73,7 | 0.7-1.1 | 4.0-4.4 | 3.0-3.4 | 9.0-11.0 | 72.9-92.1 | 7.8-17.5 | 0.4-2.8 | 3.4-6.1 | 10-20 | 5.6-21.4 | 18-52 | 47-122 |
A2 | 3.0 | 0.08 | 4.3 | 3.4 | 2.1 | 6.1 | 0.2 | 0.04 | 1.8 | 4 | 0.2 | 1.2 | 9 |
|
1.5-5.2 | 0.03-0.2 | 4.2-4.6 | 3.2-3.7 | 0.8-4.2 | 2.9-8.8 | Î.07-Î.4 | 0.02-0.08 | 0.6-4.0 | 2-7 | tr.-0.8 | 0.4-1.6 | 3-17 |
 | 7.1 | 0.17 | 5.1 | 4.4 | 2.1 | 11.4 | 0.2 | 0.03 | 1.1 | 2 | 1.5 | 0.8 | 12 |
|
3.6-11.9 | 0.05-0.30 | 4.8-5.4 | 4.1-4.6 | 0.4-2.6 | 5.6-19.7 | 0.1-0.4 | 0.02-0.04 | 0.4-2.5 | 1-4 | 0.8-2.8 | 0.4-1.6 | 6-17 |
ÂÑ | 2.0 | 0.07 | 5.6 | 4.8 | 0.2 | 4.4 | 0.2 | 0.02 | 0.2 | 5 | 1.5 | 0.4 | 8 |
|
0.7-4.4 | 0.02-0.15 | 5.1-6.0 | 4.6-5.2 | 0.1-0.4 | 3.4-8.2 | 0.1-0.35 | tr.-0.4 | 0.1-0.4 | 1-9 | 0.6-3.6 | 0.4-0.8 | 3-11 |
C |
1.0 | 0.05 | 5.9 | 4.8 | 0.2 | 2.7 | 0.3 | 0.03 | 0.2 | 11 | 3.5 | 0.4 | 5 |
|
0.4-1.7 | 0.01-0.1 | 5.1-6.4 | 4.5-5.0 | 0.1-0.5 | 1.6-4.7 | 0.1-0.5 | tr.-0.06 | 0.1-0.5 | 2-25 | 1.2-5.8 | 0.4-0.8 | 2-9
|
Felled areas |
Ao | 61.4 | 0.94 | | 3.2 | | 81.6 | 10.8 | 1.9 | | 13 | 9.0 | 25 | 56 |
| 51.3-61.4 | 0.52-1.18 | | 3.1-3.4 | | 69.8-89.3 | 8.4-14.5 | 0.6-3.6 | | 10-17 | 6.0-14.4 | 20-32 | 46-73 |
A2 | 2.2 | 0.07 | | 3.4 | | 5.0 | 0.2 | 0.04 | | 5 | 0.4 | 0.8 | 5 |
| 1.5-3.6 | 0.03-0.10 | | 3.3-3.6 | | 3.8-6.9 | 0.2-0.3 | tr.-0.07 | | 4-7 | 0.2-0.6 | 0.4-1.2 | 3-7 |
 | 5.8 | 0.14 | | 4.5 | | 7.9 | 0.2 | 0.03 | | 3 | 1.5 | 0.8 | 11 |
| 3.6-8.8 | 0.05-0.24 | | 4.1-4.9 | | 4.4-9.8 | 0.1-0.3 | tr.-0.08 | | 1-4 | 1.0-2.2 | 0.4-1.2 | 6-17 |
ÂÑ | 2.3 | 8.07 | | 4.9 | | 4.9 | 0.2 | 0.02 | | 4 | 2.0 | 0.4 | 7 |
| 1.4-4.4 | 0.02-0.14 | | 4.6-5.2 | | 3.6-8.7 | tr.-0.4 | tr.-0.04 | | 1-10 | 0.2-2.0 | 0.4-0.8 | 3-11 |
Ñ | 0.6 | 0.03 | | 4.9 | | 2.9 | 0.1 | 0.01 | | 4 | 5.0 | 0.4 | 3 |
| 0.2-0.9 | 0.02-0.05 | | 4.6-5.2 | | 1,6-3.2 | 0.06-0.3 | tr.-0.02 | | 1-14 | 0.2-2.8 | tr.-1.2 | 2-4 |
Burnt areas |
Ao | 55.0 | 0.86 | | 3.3 | | 72.7 | 8.5 | 1.0 | | 12 | 6.0 | 13 | 55 |
| 46.6-66.3 | 0.51-0.95 | | 3.1-3.5 | | 47.4-89.3 | 3.0-12.0 | 0,4-1.9 | | 4-17 | 0.8-3.4 | 4.4-24 | 34-82 |
A2 | 2,7 | 0.07 | | 4.2 | | 5.3 | 0.2 | 0.05 | | 5 | 0.2 | 0.4 | 8 |
| 1.2-6.4 | 0.04-0.15 | | 3.3-4.7 | | 3.1-9.6 | 0.06-0.5 | 0.01-0.1 | | 2-12 | 0.4-3.4 | tr.-1.2 | 4-20 |
 | 5.5 | 0.20 | | 4.5 | | 9.6 | 0.3 | 0.03 | | 3 | 1.2 | 0.8 | 11 |
| 2.5-7.8 | 0.09-0.49 | | 4.1-4.9 | | 6.5-14.1 | tr.-0.5 | tr.-0.07 | | 1-12 | 0.6-2,4 | 0.4-1.2 | 7-14 |
ÂÑ | 3.6 | 0.09 | | 5.1 | | 4.4 | 0.2 | 0.02 | | 5 | 2.6 | 0.4 | 7 |
| 0.6-7.0 | 0.03-0.27 | | 4.7-5.3 | | 1.9-9.1 | tr.-0.5 | tr.-0.08 | | 2-10 | 0.8-5.0 | tr.-0.8 | 3-14 |
C | 1.1 | 0.05 | | 4.9 | | 2.6 | 0.15 | 0.02 | | 6 | 4.2 | 0.4 | 4 |
| 0.2-4.0 | 0.01-0.14 | | 4.7-5.4 | | 1.4-3.9 | 0.06-0.4 | tr.-0.05 | | 2-10 | 0.6-10.4 | tr.-0.8 | 2-9 |
Òàáëèöà 3 Accumulation of nickel and copper of the forest soils |
¹/¹ |
Place and year of collection |
Plot position in relation to the smelter |
Horizon |
Horizon thickness cm |
Metal content mg/kg |
Total content in soil column of 1 m2, g |
The share in the horizon, % |
km |
degrees |
Ni |
Cu |
Ni |
Cu |
Ni |
Cu |
1 |
2 |
3 |
4 |
5 |
6 |
7 |
8 |
9 |
10 |
11 |
12 |
1 |
V. vltis-idaea Pine forest, 1989 |
20 | 0 |
Ào | 9 | 660 | 240 | 7.1 | 2.6 | | |
2 |
Mossy swamp Pine forest, 1989 |
16 | 15 |
Ào | 13 | 680 | 725 | 10.6 | 11.3 | | |
3 |
V. vltis-idaea Pine forest, 1986 |
10 | 45 |
Ào | 10 | 2445 | 1174 | 36.7 | 17.6 | 37.4 | 42.0 |
| | | |
À2 | 5 | 200 | 50 | 11.6 | 2.9 | 11.8 | 6.9 |
| | | |
 | 10 | 145 | 24 | 15.2 | 2.5 | 15.5 | 6.0 |
| | | |
ÂÑ | 15 | 123 | 77 | 19.4 | 12.2 | 19.8 | 29.1 |
| | | |
Ñ | 10 | 109 | 48 | 15.2 | 6.7 | 15.5 | 16.0 |
| | | |
| 50 | | | 98.1 | 41.9 | 100.0 | 100.0 |
4 |
The same, 1986 |
12 | 45 |
Ào | 5 | 2720 | 1090 | 21.8 | 8.7 | 28.7 | 24.7 |
| | | | À2 | 5 | 225 | 54 | 13.1 | 3.1 | 17.2 | 8.8 |
| | | | Â | 10 | 90 | 45 | 9.5 | 4.7 | 12.5 | 13.4 |
| | | | ÂÑ | 20 | 86 | 54 | 18.1 | 11.3 | 23.8 | 32.1 |
| | | | Ñ | 10 | 96 | 53 | 13.5 | 7.4 | 17.8 | 21.0 |
| | | | | 50 | | | 76.0 | 35.2 | 100.0 | 100.0 |
5 |
The same, 1986 |
20 | 45 |
Ào | 5 | 504 | 238 | 4.0 | 1.6 | 9.4 | 9.6 |
| | | |
À2 | 5 | 13 | 9 | 0.8 | 0.5 | 1.9 | 3.0 |
| | | |
 | 15 | 65 | 26 | 10.3 | 4.1 | 24.2 | 24.6 |
| | | |
Ñ | 15 | 102 | 38 | 15.8 | 6.0 | 37.2 | 35.9 |
| | | |
ÂÑ | 10 | 83 | 32 | 11.6 | 4.5 | 27.3 | 26.9 |
| | | |
| 50 | | | 42.5 | 16.7 | 100.0 | 100.0 |
6 |
The same, 1988 |
50 | 45 |
Ào | 3 | 112 | 38 | 0.5 | 0.2 | 4.0 | 3.5 |
| | | |
A2 | 5 | 24 | 6 | 1.4 | 0.3 | 11.5 | 5.4 |
| | | |
 | 19 | 32 | 15 | 6.4 | 3.0 | 52.5 | 53.6 |
| | | |
Ñ | 10 | 28 | 15 | 3.9 | 2.1 | 31.0 | 37.5 |
| | | |
| 37 | | | 12.2 | 5.6 | 100.0 | 100.0 |
7 |
The same, 1986 |
30 | 55 |
Ào | 3 | 260 | 82 | 1.3 | 0.4 | 5.8 | 2.8 |
| | | |
À2 | 2 | 76 | 23 | 1.8 | 0.5 | 8.0 | 2.5 |
| | | |
 | 5 | 97 | 49 | 5.1 | 2.6 | 22.6 | 18.2 |
| | | |
ÂÑ | 10 | 30 | 44 | 3.1 | 4.6 | 13.6 | 32.2 |
| | | |
Ñ | 10 | 80 | 44 | 11.3 | 6.2 | 50.0 | 43.3 |
| | | | |
30 | | | 22.6 | 14.3 | 100.0 | 100.0 |
8 |
V. vitls-idaea Pine foreet, 1987 |
46 | 60 |
Ào | 3 | 73 | 34 | 0.3 | 0.2 | 1.7 | 2.0 |
| | | |
À2 | 5 | 10 | 8 | 0.6 | 0.5 | 3.3 | 5.0 |
| | | |
 | 18 | 29 | 9 | 5.5 | 1.7 | 30.6 | 16.8 |
| | | |
ÂÑ | 29 | 22 | 15 | 7.7 | 5.2 | 42.7 | 51.4 |
| | | |
Ñ | 10 | 28 | 18 | 3.9 | 2.5 | 21.7 | 24.8 |
| | | |
| 65 | | | 18.0 | 10.1 | 100.0 | 100.0 |
9 |
The same, 1990 |
10 | 64 |
Ào | 11 | 730 | 430 | 9.6 | 5. 7 | 25.9 | 39.6 |
| | | |
À2 | 3 | 104 | 14 | 3.7 | 0.5 | 10.0 | 3.5 |
| | | |
 | 25 | 38 | 16 | 11.4 | 4.8 | 30.7 | 33.3 |
| | | |
Ñ | 10 | 95 | 26 | 12.4 | 3.4 | 33.4 | 23.6 |
| | | |
| 49 | | | 37.1 | 14.4 | 100.0 | 100.0 |
10 |
The same, 1989 |
20 | 70 |
Ào | 5 | 290 | 130 | 1.7 | 0.8 | | |
11 |
Spruce forest with pine and birch, 1990 |
9 |
80 |
Ào | 15 | 420 | 270 | 7.6 | 4.9 | 13.0 | 30.1 |
| | | |
À2 | 3 | 126 | 30 | 4.5 | 1.1 | 7.7 | 6. 7 |
| | | |
 | 10 | 92 | 24 | 11.0 | 2.9 | 18.8 | 17.8 |
| | | |
ÂÑ | 6 | 84 | 49 | 6.0 | 3.5 | 10.3 | 21.5 |
| | | |
Ñ | 10 | 115 | 30 | 15.0 | 3.9 | 25.6 | 23.9 |
| | | |
| 44 | | | 58.5 | 16.3 | 100.0 | 100.0 |
12 |
Spruce forest with birch, 1990 |
15 | 87 |
Ào | 10 | 170 | 50 | 2.0 | 0.6 | | |
13 |
The same, 1989 |
10 | 94 |
Ào | 10 | 580 | 220 | 7.0 | 2.6 | | |
14 |
V. myrtlllus Pine forest, 1990 |
11 | 93 |
Ào | 7 | 310 | 150 | 2.6 | 1.3 | 7.0 | 6.0 |
| | | |
A2 | 5 | 40 | 23 | 2.4 | 1.4 | 6.4 | 6.4 |
| | | |
 | 10 | 80 | 62 | 9.6 | 7.4 | 25.7 | 33.9 |
| | | |
ÂÑ | 8 | 78 | 40 | 7.5 | 3.8 | 20.1 | 17.5 |
| | | |
Ñ | 10 | 117 | 61 | 15.2 | 7.9 | 40.8 | 36.2 |
| | | |
| 40 | | | 37.3 | 21.8 | 100.0 | 100.0 |
15 |
Spruce forest with birch, 1990 |
13 | 93 |
Ào | 12 | 240 | 100 | 3.5 | 1.4 | 11.2 | 10.2 |
| | | |
À2 | 7 | 56 | 16 | 4.7 | 1.2 | 15.0 | 8.8 |
| | | |
 | 12 | 50 | 39 | 7.2 | 5.6 | 23.0 | 40.9 |
| | | |
ÂÑ | 5 | 72 | 26 | 4.3 | 1.6 | 13.7 | 11.7 |
| | | |
Ñ | 10 | 89 | 30 | 11.6 | 3.9 | 37.1 | 28.5 |
| | | |
| 46 | | | 31.3 | 13.7 | 100.0 | 100.0 |
16 |
Birch forest, 1990 |
15 | 94 |
Ào | 9 | 170 | 70 | 1.8 | 0.8 | 4.8 | 6.0 |
| | | |
À2 | 3 | 72 | 13 | 2.6 | 0.5 | 6.9 | 3.7 |
| | | |
Â1 | 10 | 89 | 18 | 10.7 | 2.2 | 28.5 | 16.4 |
| | | |
Â2 | 10 | 64 | 21 | 7.7 | 2.5 | 20.5 | 18.7 |
| | | |
ÂÇ | 10 | 64 | 25 | 7.7 | 3.0 | 20.5 | 22.4 |
| | | |
Â4 | 10 | 54 | 34 | 7.0 | 4.4 | 18.7 | 32.8 |
| | | |
| 52 | | | 37.5 | 13.4 | 100.0 | 100.0 |
17 |
V. vitis-idaea Pine forest, 1990 |
11 | 107 |
Ào | 15 | 170 | 160 | 3.1 | 2.9 | 6.7 | 15.0 |
| | | |
À2 | 8 | 78 | 10 | 7.5 | 1.0 | 16.2 | 5.2 |
| | | |
Â1 | 15 | 109 | 28 | 19.6 | 5.0 | 42.4 | 25.9 |
| | | |
Â2 | 15 | 89 | 58 | 16.0 | 10.4 | 34.6 | 53.9 |
| | | |
| 53 | | | 46.2 | 19.3 | 100.0 | 100.0 |
18 |
The same, 1988 |
12 |
125 |
Ào | 6 | 315 | 142 | 2.8 | 1.3 | 16.2 | 8.1 |
| | | | À2 | 17 | 12 | 5 | 2.3 | 1.0 | 13.3 | 6.2 |
| | | | Â | 23 | 32 | 28 | 7.7 | 6.7 | 44.5 | 41.6 |
| | | | ÂÑ | 16 | 18 | 22 | 3.5 | 4.2 | 22.2 | 26.1 |
| | | | Ñ | 10 | 8 | 24 | 1.0 | 2.9 | 5.8 | 18.0 |
| | | | | 72 | | | 17.3 | 16.1 | 100.0 | 100.0 |
19 |
The same, 1989 |
16 |
125 |
Ào | 10 | 143 | 50 | 1.7 | 0.6 | | |
20 |
V. vitls-idaea Spruce forest, 1989 |
18 |
145 |
Ào | 10 | 220 | 88 | 2.6 | 1.1 | | |
21 |
Empetrum Spruce forest, 1989 |
15 |
150 |
Ào | 10 | 830 | 320 | 10.0 | 3.8 | | |
22 |
V. vitis-idaea Pine forest, 1987 |
25 |
150 |
Ào | 5 | 231 | 103 | 1.7 | 0.8 | 10.8 | 9.5 |
| | | | À2 | 5 | 18 | 7 | 1.0 | 0.4 | 6.3 | 4.8 |
| | | | Â | 30 | 35 | 13 | 11.0 | 4.1 | 69.6 | 48.8 |
| | | | Ñ | 10 | 15 | 22 | 2.1 | 3.1 | 13.3 | 36.9 |
| | | | | 50 | | | 15.8 | 8.4 | 100.0 | 100.0 |
23 |
V. vitls-idaea Spruce forest, 1989 |
30 |
170 |
Ào | 12 | 400 | 138 | 5.8 | 2.0 | | |
24 |
Burnt area, 1988 |
6 |
180 |
Ào | 5 | 2573 | 2079 | 6.4 | 5.2 | 16.6 | 20.3 |
| | | | À2 | 2 | 155 | 63 | 3.7 | 1.5 | 9.6 | 5.9 |
| | | | Â | 10 | 135 | 54 | 13.5 | 5.4 | 35.0 | 21.1 |
| | | | ÂÑ | 13 | 52 | 42 | 8,1 | 6.6 | 21.0 | 25.7 |
| | | | Ñ | 10 | 48 | 49 | 6.9 | 6.9 | 17.8 | 27.0 |
| | | | | 40 | | | 38.6 | 25.6 | 100.0 | 100.0 |
25 |
Empetrum Spruce forest, 1988 |
8 |
180 |
Ào | 6 | 3960 | 1960 | 11.9 | 5.9 | 24.0 | 23.6 |
| | | | À2 | 4 | 122 | 42 | 5.9 | 2.0 | 12.0 | 8.0 |
| | | | Â | 10 | 160 | 65 | 16.0 | 6.5 | 32.3 | 26.0 |
| | | | ÂÑ | 13 | 62 | 39 | 9.7 | 6.1 | 19.6 | 24.4 |
| | | | ñ | 10 | 43 | 32 | 6.0 | 4.5 | 12.1 | 18.0 |
| | | | | 43 | | | 49.5 | 25.0 | 100.0 | 100.0 |
26 |
Burnt area, 1988 |
8 | 180 |
Ào | 2 | 2915 | 1850 | 2.9 | 1.9 | 5.8 | 8.4 |
| | | | Ä2 | 4 | 69 | 44 | 3.3 | 2.1 | 6.7 | 9.3 |
| | | | Â | 16 | 102 | 54 | 16.3 | 8.6 | 33.0 | 38.3 |
| | | | ÂÑ | 14 | 66 | 28 | 11.1 | 4.7 | 22.5 | 20.9 |
| | | | Ñ | 10 | 113 | 37 | 15.8 | 5.2 | 32.0 | 23.2 |
| | | | | 46 | | | 49.4 | 22.5 | 100.0 | 100.0 |
27 |
Burnt area, 1988 |
10 | 180 |
Ào | 5 | 2570 | 2080 | 6.4 | 5.2 | 16.7 | 20.5 |
| | | | À2 | 2 | 155 | 63 | 3.7 | 1.5 | 9.6 | 5.9 |
| | | | Â | 10 | 135 | 54 | 13.5 | 5.4 | 35.2 | 21.2 |
| | | | ÂÑ | 13 | 52 | 42 | 8.1 | 6.6 | 21.1 | 26.0 |
| | | | Ñ | 10 | 49 | 49 | 6.7 | 6.7 | 17.4 | 26.4 |
| | | | | 40 | | | 38.4 | 25.4 | 100.0 | 100.0 |
28 |
Empetrum Spruce forest, 1986 |
14 | 190 |
Ào | 4 | 633 | 221 | 1.3 | 0.4 | 3.0 | 3.5 |
| | | | À2 | 3 | 65 | 16 | 2.3 | 0.6 | 5.5 | 6.3 |
| | | | Â | 9 | 115 | 30 | 10.4 | 2.7 | 24.8 | 23.9 |
| | | | ÂÑ | 7 | 129 | 37 | 10.8 | 3.1 | 25.7 | 27.4 |
| | | | Ñ | 10 | 123 | 32 | 17.2 | 4.5 | 41.0 | 39.8 |
| | | | | 33 | | | 42.0 | 11.3 | 100.0 | 100.0 |
29 |
The same, 1986 |
16 | 180 |
Ào | 5 | 496 | 95 | 1.2 | 0.2 | 3.7 | 1.2 |
| | | | À2 | 4 | 68 | 12 | 3.2 | 0.6 | 10.1 | 3.8 |
| | | | Â | 9 | 78 | 26 | 7.0 | 2.3 | 21.4 | 14.6 |
| | | | ÂÑ | 12 | 89 | 42 | 12.8 | 6.0 | 39.1 | 38.0 |
| | | | Ñ | 10 | 61 | 48 | 8.5 | 6.7 | 25.7 | 42.4 |
| | | | | 40 | | | 32.7 | 15.8 | 100.0 | 100.0 |
30 |
Felled area, 1989 |
16 | 180 |
Ào | 5 | 729 | 385 | 1.8 | 1.0 | 5.8 | 4.6 |
| | | | À2 | 6 | 74 | 18 | 5.3 | 1.3 | 17.0 | 6.0 |
| | | | Â | 15 | 34 | 30 | 5.1 | 4.5 | 16.4 | 20.7 |
| | | | ÂÑ | 19 | 46 | 39 | 10.5 | 8.9 | 33.8 | 41.0 |
| | | | Ñ | 10 | 60 | 43 | 8.4 | 6.0 | 27.0 | 27.7 |
| | | | | 55 | | | 31.1 | 21.7 | 100.0 | 100.0 |
31 |
Burnt area, 1988 |
16 |
180 |
Ào | 2 | 1575 | 844 | 1.6 | 0.8 | 4.0 | 4.5 |
| |
| | A2 | 5 | 49 | 12 | 2.9 | 0.7 | 7.2 | 3.9 |
| |
| | Â | 15 | 127 | 45 | 19.1 | 6.8 | 47.3 | 38.0 |
| |
| | ÂÑ | 17 | 51 | 30 | 10.2 | 6.0 | 25.2 | 33.5 |
| |
| | Ñ | 10 | 47 | 26 | 6.6 | 3.6 | 16.3 | 20.1 |
| |
| | | 49 | | | 40.4 | 17.9 | 100.0 | 100.0 |
32 |
Felled area, 1988 |
16 | 180 |
Ào | 6 | 481 | 203 | 1.4 | 0.6 | 4.7 | 4.3 |
|
| | | À2 | 4 | 72 | 11 | 3.4 | 0.5 | 11.3 | 3.6 |
|
| | | Â | 14 | 69 | 18 | 9.S | 2.5 | 32.2 | 18.2 |
|
| | | ÂÑ | 10 | 78 | 44 | 9.4 | 5.3 | 31.2 | 38.4 |
|
| | | Ñ | 10 | 44 | 35 | 6.2 | 4.9 | 20.6 | 35.5 |
|
| | | | 44 | | | 30.1 | 13.8 | 100.0 | 100.0 |
33 |
Burnt area, 1987 |
16 |
185 |
Ào | 1 | 1640 | 715 | 0.8 | 0.4 | 4.4 | 4.3 |
| | | | À2 | | 102 | 32 | 1.2 | 0.4 | 6.6 | 4.3 |
| | | | Â | 17 | 52 | 21 | 1.2 | 0.4 | 6.6 | 4.3 |
| | | | ÂÑ | 12 | 55 | 25 | 5.0 | 2.3 | 27.3 | 24.5 |
| | | | Ñ | 10 | 49 | 32 | 1.7 | 4.6 | 38.7 | 48.5 |
| | | | | 40 | | | 18.3 | 9.4 | 100.0 | 100.0 |
34 |
Burnt area, 1986 |
20 |
180 |
Ào | 5 | 594 | 205 | 1.5 | 0.5 | 3.7 | 2.8 |
| | | | À2 | 4 | 43 | 12 | 2.1 | 0.6 | 5.2 | 3.4 |
| | | | Â | 14 | 78 | 40 | 10.9 | 5.6 | 27.2 | 31.3 |
| | | | ÂÑ | 12 | 93 | 35 | 13.4 | 5.0 | 33.3 | 27.9 |
| | | | Ñ | 10 | 88 | 44 | 12.3 | 6.2 | 30.6 | 34.6 |
| | | | | 45 | | | 40.2 | 17.9 | 100.0 | 100.0 |
35 |
The same, 1988 |
21 |
180 |
Ào | 6 | 990 | 440 | 3.0 | 1.3 | 14.2 | 6.3 |
| | | | À2 | 6 | 49 | 11 | 3.5 | 0.8 | 16.4 | 3.9 |
| | | | Â | 13 | 41 | 33 | 5.3 | 4.3 | 24.9 | 20.8 |
| | | | ÂÑ | 14 | 28 | 44 | 4.7 | 7.4 | 22.0 | 35.7 |
| | | | Ñ | 10 | 34 | 49 | 4.8 | 6.9 | 22.5 | 33.3
|
| | | | | 49 | | | 21.3 | 20.7 | 100.0 | 100.0 |
36 |
Felled area, 1988 |
21 | 180 |
Ào | 3 | 1100 | 660 | 1.7 | 1.0 | 9.2 | 5.8 |
| | | | A2 | 5 | 30 | 5 | 1.8 | 0.3 | 9.6 | 1.7 |
| | | | Â | 14 | 38 | 22 | 5.3 | 3.1 | 28.3 | 17.9 |
| | | | ÂÑ | 16 | 40 | 43 | 6.7 | 7.2 | 35.8 | 41.6 |
| | | | Ñ | 10 | 23 | 41 | 3.2 | 5.7 | 17.1 | 33.0 |
| | | | | 48 | | | 18.7 | 17.3 | 100.0 | 100.0 |
37 |
Burnt area, 1988 |
21 | 180 |
Ào | 4 | 840 | 430 | 1.7 | 0.9 | 9.7 | 5.2 |
| | | | À2 | 4 | 40 | 6 | 1.9 | 0.3 | 10.8 | 1.7 |
| | | | Â | 13 | 35 | 38 | 4.6 | 5.0 | 26.1 | 28.4 |
| | | | ÂÑ | 9 | 39 | 48 | 4.2 | 5.2 | 23.9 | 29.5 |
| | | | Ñ | 10 | 37 | 44 | 5.2 | 6.2 | 29.5 | 35.2 |
| | | | | 50 | | | 17.6 | 17.6 | 100.0 | 100.0 |
38 |
Empetrum spruce forest, 1987 |
23 | 180 |
Ào | 5 | 1182 | 512 | 3.0 | 1.3 | 8.8 | 7.0 |
| | | | À2 | 6 | 50 | 14 | 3.6 | 1.0 | 10.7 | 5.3 |
| | | | Â | 15 | 56 | 27 | 8.4 | 4.1 | 24.8 | 21.9 |
| | | | ÂÑ | 14 | 64 | 38 | 10.8 | 6.4 | 32.0 | 34.2 |
| | | | Ñ | 10 | 57 | 42 | 8.0 | 5.9 | 23.7 | 31. 6 |
| | | | | 50 | | | 33.8 | 18.7 | 100.0 | 100.0 |
39 |
Felled area, 1987 |
24 | 180 |
Ào | 4 | 657 | 310 | 1.3 | 0.6 | 7.2 | 4.0 |
| | | | À2 | 5 | 37 | 9 | 2.2 | 0.5 | 12.2 | 3.3 |
| | | | Â | 10 | 48 | 34 | 4.8 | 3.4 | 26.5 | 22.7 |
| | | | ÂÑ | 14 | 37 | 36 | 6.2 | 6.2 | 34.2 | 41.3 |
| | | | Ñ | 10 | 26 | 31 | 3.6 | 4.3 | 19.9 | 28.7 |
| | | | | 43 | | | 18.1 | 15.0 | 100.0 | 100.0 |
40 |
Burnt area, 1988 |
24 | 180 |
Ào | 2 | 845 | 485 | 0.8 | 0.5 | 3.5 | 3.3 |
| | | | À2 | 5 | 47 | 9 | 2.8 | 0.5 | 12.0 | 3.3 |
| | | | Â | 21 | 51 | 24 | 10.7 | 5.0 | 45.9 | 33.1 |
| | | | ÂÑ | 10 | 35 | 32 | 4.2 | 3.8 | 18.0 | 25.2 |
| | | | Ñ | 10 | 34 | 38 | 4.8 | 5.3 | 20.6 | 35.1 |
| | |
| | 48 | | | 23.3 | 15.1 | 100.0 | 100.0 |
41 |
Empetrum Spruce forest, 1986 |
32 | 185 |
Ào | 8 | 662 | 207 | 2.6 | 0.8 | 9.2 | 8.8 |
| | | | A2 | 10 | 30 | 12 | 3.6 | 1.4 | 12.6 | 15.6 |
| | | | Â | 13 | 39 | 11 | 5.1 | 1.4 | 18.0 | 15.6 |
| | | | ÂÑ | 17 | 60 | 14 | 12.2 | 2.9 | 43.0 | 32.2 |
| | | | Ñ | 10 | 35 | 18 | 4.9 | 2.5 | 17.2 | 27.8 |
| | | | | 58 | | | 28.4 | 9.0 | 100.0 | 100.0 |
42 | Burnt area top of slope, 1988 | 34 | 180 | Ào | 3 | 275 | 155 | 0.4 | 0.2 | 3.2 | 2.5 |
| | | | À2 | 3 | 15 | 9 | 0.5 | 0.3 | 4.0 | 3.8 |
| | | | Â | 12 | 21 | 14 | 2.5 | 2.5 | 19.8 | 31.6 |
| | | | ÂÑ | 18 | 25 | 11 | 5.4 | 2.4 | 42.9 | 30.4 |
| | | | Ñ | 10 | 27 | 18 | 3.8 | 2.5 | 30.1 | 31.7 |
| | | | | 46 | | | 12.6 | 7.9 | 100.0 | 100.0 |
43 | Burnt area bottom of slope, 1988 | 34 | 180 | Ào | 3 | 330 | 155 | 0.5 | 0.3 | 4.7 | 3.3 |
| | | | À2 | 7 | 12 | 13 | 1.0 | 1.1 | 9.5 | 12.2 |
| | | | Â | 11 | 15 | 14 | 1.7 | 1.5 | 16.0 | 16.7 |
| | | | ÂÑ | 15 | 21 | 14 | 3.8 | 2.5 | 35.8 | 27.8 |
| | | | Ñ | 10 | 26 | 22 | 3.6 | 3.6 | 34.0 | 40.0 |
| | | | | 46 | | | 10.6 | 9.0 | 100.0 | 100.0 |
44 | Empetrum Spruce forest, 1988 | 34 | 180 | Ào | 10 | 600 | 210 | 3.0 | 1.0 | 27.0 | 11.5 |
| | | | À2 | 8 | 12 | 11 | 1.2 | 1.1 | 10.8 | 12.7 |
| | | | Â | 10 | 10 | 17 | 1.0 | 1.7 | 9.0 | 19.5 |
| | | | ÂÑ | 13 | 25 | 12 | 3.9 | 1.8 | 35.2 | 20.7 |
| | | | Ñ | 10 | 14 | 22 | 2.0 | 3.1 | 18.0 | 35.6 |
| | | | | 51 | | | 10.6 | 8.7 | 100.0 | 100.0 |
45 | Felled area, 1988 | 34 | 180 | Ào | 7 | 320 | 200 | 1.1 | 0.7 | 11.3 | 7.5 |
| | | | À2 | 5 | 13 | 3.5 | 0.8 | 0.2 | 8.2 | 2.1 |
| | | | Â | 11 | 33 | 21.5 | 3.6 | 2.4 | 37.2 | 25.5 |
| | | | ÂÑ | 10 | 10 | 25 | 1.2 | 3.0 | 12.4 | 31.9 |
| | | | Ñ | 10 | 21.5 | 22.1 | 3.0 | 3.1 | 30.9 | 33.0 |
| | | | | 43 | | | 9.7 | 9.4 | 100.0 | 100.0 |
46 | V. myrtillus spruce forest, 1990 | 32 | 188 | ÀO | 20 | 130 | 70 | 3.1 | 1.7 | 12.8 | |
| | | | A2 | 3 | 48 | 15 | 1.7 | 0.5 | 7.0 | |
| | | | Â | 10 | 63 | 42 | 7.6 | 3.0 | 31.2 | |
| | | | ÂÑ | 15 | 61 | 25 | 11.9 | 4.9 | 49.0 | |
| | | | | 48 | | | 24.3 | 12.1 | 100.0 | |
47 | Pine forest on burnt area, 1990 | 11 | 195 | Ào | 3 | 1300 | 580 | 4.7 | 2.1
| | |
48 | Empetrum Spruce forest, 1990 | 12 | 195 | Ào | 13 | 670 | 220 | | | | |
49 | V. myrtillus Spruce forest, 1990 | 31 | 193 | Ào | 10 | 120 | 188 | 1.4 | 2 .3
| | |
50 | The same, 1990 | 33 | 196 | Ào | 7 | 340 | 170 | 2.9 | 1.4 |
| |
51 | V. myrtillus and Empetrum Spruce forest, 1990 | 23 | 197 | Ào | 5 | 420 | 260 | 2.5 | 1.6
| | |
52 | V. myrtillus Spruce forest, 1990 | 25 | 197 | Ào | 5 | 400 | 290 | 2.4 | 1.7 | | |
53 | The same, 1990 | 27 | 197 | Ào | 11 | 240 | 100 | 3.2 | 1.3 | | |
54 |
The same, 1990 | 26 | 197 |
Ào | 12 | 275 | 175 | 4.0 | 2.6 | | |
| | | | À2 | 10 | 33 | 8 | 4.0 | 1.0 | | |
| | | | Â | 30 | 32 | 12 | 11.5 | 4.3 | | |
55 | The same, 1990 | 27 | 197 | Ào | 8 | 320 | 190 | 3.1 | 1.8 | | |
56 | The same, 1990 | 24 | 202 | Ào | 8 | 140 | 100 | 1.3 | 1.0 | | |
57 |
Felled area, 1988 | 24 | 200 |
Ào | 6 | 121 | 75 | 1.1 | 0.7 | 4.7 | 4.9 |
| | | | À2 | 5 | 20 | 6 | 1.2 | 0.3 | 5.2 | 2.1 |
| | | | Â | 15 | 54 | 28 | 8.5 | 4.4 | 36.5 | 31.0 |
| | | | ÂÑ | 15 | 46 | 34 | 8.3 | 6.1 | 35.6 | 43.0 |
| | | | Ñ | 10 | 30 | 19 | 4.2 | 2.7 | 18.0 | 19.0 |
| | | | | 51 | | | 23.3 | 14.2 | 100.0 | 100.0 |
58 | V. myrtillus Spruce forest, 1990 | 33 | 200 | Ào | 20 | 110 | 38 | 2.6 | 0.9 | | |
59 | The same, 1990 | 33 | 200 | Ào | 13 | 180 | 70 | 2 .8 | 1.1 | | |
60 | Pine forest on burnt area, 1990 | 10 | 205 | Ào | 10 | 325 | 140 | 3.9 | 1.7 | | |
61 | Empetrum Spruce forest, 1990 | 25 | 205 | Ào | 5 | 600 | 200 | 3.6 | 1.2 | 12.0 | 8.8 |
| | | | À2 | 4 | 50 | 9 | 2.4 | 0.4 | 8.0 | 2.9 |
| | | | Â | 7 | 27 | 9 | 2.3 | 0.8 | 7.7 | 5.8 |
| | | | ÂÑ | 11 | 90 | 46 | 11.9 | 6.1 | 39.7 | 44.5 |
| | | | Ñ | 10 | 75 | 39 | 9.â | 5.2 | 32.7 | 38.0 |
| | | | | 37 | | | 30.0 | 13.7 | 100.0 | 100.0 |
62 | V. myrtillus Spruce forest, 1990 | 25 | 207 | Ào | 4 | 550 | 390 | 2.6 | 1.9 | | |
63 | The same, 1990 | 27 | 208 | Ào | 5 | 450 | 130 | 2.7 | 0.8 | 6.5 | 2.4 |
| | | | À2 | 5 | 45 | 10 | 2.7 | 0.6 | 6.5 | 1.8 |
| | | | Â | 13 | 77 | 51 | 12.0 | 8.0 | 28.7 | 24.0 |
| | | | ÂÑ | 13 | 92 | 89 | 14.4 | 13.9 | 34.5 | 41.8 |
| | | | Ñ | 10 | 77 | 78 | 10.0 | 10.0 | 23.9 | 30.0 |
| | | | | 46 | | | 41.8 | 33.3 | 100.0 | 100.0 |
64 | The same, 1990 | 23 | 210 | Ào | 13 | 110 | 110 | 1.7 | 1.7 | 8.4 | 14.5 |
| | | | À2 | 3 | 30 | 10 | 1.1 | 0.4 | 5.4 | 3.4 |
| | | | Â | 10 | 47 | 16 | 5.6 | 1.9 | 27.7 | 16.2 |
| | | | ÂÑ | 5 | 31 | 8 | 1.9 | 0.5 | 9.4 | 4.3 |
| | | | Ñ | 10 | 76 | 55 | 9.9 | 7.2 | 49.0 | 61.5 |
| | | | | 41 | | | 20.2 | 11.7 | 100.0 | 100.0 |
65 | The same, 1990 | 25 | 210 | Ào | 5 | 660 | 290 | 4.0 | 1.7 | 22.3 | 15.5 |
| | | | À2 | 5 | 26 | 10 | 1.6 | 0.6 | 8.9 | 5.5 |
| | | | Â | 14 | 29 | 26 | 4.9 | 4.4 | 27.4 | 40.0 |
| | | | ÂÑ | 3 | 59 | 24 | 2.1 | 0.9 | 11.7 | 8.2 |
| | | | Ñ | 10 | 41 | 26 | 5.3 | 3.4 | 29.6 | 30.2 |
| | | | | 37 | | | 17.9 | 11.0 | 100.Î | 100.Î |
66 |
The same, 1990 | 27 |
212 | Ào | 5 | 370 | 160 | 2.2 | 1.0 | 7.6 | 5.1 |
| | | | A2 | 7 | 36 | 10 | 3.0 | 0.8 | 10.4 | 4.1 |
| | | | Â | 12 | 43 | 33 | 6.2 | 4.6 | 21.5 | 24.5 |
| | | | ÂÑ | 10 | 94 | 69 | 11.3 | 8.3 | 39.2 | 42.3 |
| | | | Ñ | 10 | 47 | 36 | 6.1 | 4.7 | 21.2 | 24.0 |
| | | | | 44 | | | 28.8 | 19.6 | 100.0 | 100.0 |
67 | V. myrtillus Pine forest, 1990 | 32 | 212 | Ào | 6 | 140 | 180 | 1.0 | 1.3 | | |
68 | Empetrum Spruce forest, 1990 | 10 | 221 | Ào | 6 | 400 | 113 | 2.9 | 0.8 | | |
69 | The same, 1990 | 13 | 220 | Ào | 10 | 310 | 75 | 3.7 | 0.9 | | |
70 | V. myrtillus Pine and Spruce forest, 1990 | 32 | 218 | Ào | 15 | 150 | 60 | 2.7 | 1.1 | | |
71 | V. myrtillus Pine forest, 1990 | 32 | 223 | Ào | 11 | 160 | 60 | 2.1 | 0.8 | | |
72 |
V. vitis-idaea Pine forest, 1990 |
53 | 220 | Ào | 5 | 46 | 23 | 0.3 | 0.2 | 1.9 | 4.1 |
| | | | À2 | 10 | 10 | 7 | 1.2 | 0.8 | 7.7 | 16.3 |
| | | | Â | 20 | 22 | 7 | 4.6 | 1.5 | 29.7 | 30.6 |
| | | | ÂÑ | 15 | 35 | 8 | 6.3 | 1.4 | 40.7 | 28.6 |
| | | | Ñ | 10 | 22 | 7 | 3.1 | 1.0 | 20.0 | 20.4 |
| | | | | 60 | | | 15.5 | 4.9 | 100.0 | 100.0 |
73 | Green moss Spruce forest, 1990 | 35 | 224 | Ào | 11 | 60 | 28 | 0.8 | 0.4 | | |
74 | Lichen Pine forest, 1990 | 31 | 227 | Ào | 4 | 140 | 50 | 0.7 | 0.2 | | |
75 | V. vitis-idaea Pine forest, 1990 | 35 | 227 | Ào | 11 | 80 | 40 | 1.1 | 0.5 | | |
76 | The same, 1990 | 38 | 230 | Ào | 13 | 80 | 8 | 1.2 | 0.1 | | |
77 | Spruce forest with birch, 1990 | 40 | 231 | Ào | 8 | 90 | 32 | 0.9 | 0.3 | | |
78 | Empetrum spruce forest, 1990 | 11 | 235 | Ào | 8 | 410 | 138 | 3.8 | 1.3 | | |
79 | Heat Pine forest, 1990 | 32 | 235 | À0 | 3 | 70 | 38 | 0.3 | 0.2 | | |
80 | Pine forest with birch, 1990 | 45 | 233 | Ào | 9 | 45 | 10 | 0.5 | 0.1 | 3.4 | 0.6 |
| | | | A2 | 13 | 33 | 10 | 5.1 | 1.6 | 35.2 | 10.1 |
| | | | Â | 11 | 37 | 29 | 4.9 | 3.8 | 33.8 | 23.9 |
| | | | ÂÑ | 20 | 29 | 33 | 7.0 | 7.9 | 48.3 | 49.7 |
| | | | Ñ | 10 | 50 | 18 | 7.0 | 2.5 | 48.3 | 15.7 |
| | | | | 63 | | | 24.5 | 15.9 | 100.0 | 100.0 |
81 | V. myrtillus Pine forest, 1990 | 30 | 238 | Ào | 2 | 60 | 24 | 0.2 | 0.1 | 0.3 | 0.8 |
| | | | À2 | 7 | 50 | 10 | 4.2 | 0.8 | 9.0 | 8.8 |
| | | | Â | 14 | 70 | 13 | 11.8 | 2.2 | 25.5 | 24.3 |
| | | | ÂÑ | 15 | 75 | 16 | 13.5 | 2.9 | 29.0 | 31.9 |
| | | | Ñ | 20 | 70 | 13 | 16.8 | 3.1 | 36.2 | 34.2 |
| | | | | 58 | | | 46.5 | 9.1 | 100.0 | 100.0 |
82 | Pine forest with birch, 1990 | 37 | 238 | Ào | 5 | 90 | 38 | 0.5 | 0.3 | | |
83 | The same, 1990 | 48 | 237 | Ào | 5 | 45 | 20 | 0.3 | 0.1 | 0.8 | 0.9 |
| | | | À2 | 6 | 43 | 12 | 3.1 | 0.9 | 8.7 | 9.1 |
| | | | Â | 20 | 58 | 15 | 13.9 | 3.6 | 38.8 | 36.4 |
| | | | ÂÑ | 20 | 58 | 15 | 13.9 | 3.6 | 38.8 | 36.4 |
| | | | Ñ | 10 | 35 | 13 | 4.6 | 1.7 | 12.9 | 17.2 |
84 | V. myrtillus Spruce forest, 1990 | 9 | 240 | Ào | 12 | 175 | 75 | 2.5 | 1.1 | | |
85 | Empetrum Spruce forest, 1990 | 10 | 243 | Ào | 10 | 145 | 63 | 1.7 | 0.8 | | |
86 | V. myrtillus Pine forest, 1990 | 29 | 244 | Ào | 5 | 130 | 50 | 0.8 | 0.3 | | |
87 | The same, 1990 | 33 | 245 | Ào | 3 | 140 | 24 | 0.5 | 0.1 | | |
88 | Heat Pine forest, 1990 | 47 | 240 | Ào | 5 | 90 | 22 | 0.5 | 0.1 | 1.5 | 1.1 |
| | | | À2 | 9 | 33 | 6 | 3.6 | 0.7 | 11.0 | 7.5 |
| | | | Â | 13 | 61 | 20 | 9.5 | 3.1 | 28.9 | 33.3 |
| | | | ÂÑ | 15 | 61 | 19 | 11.0 | 3.4 | 33.4 | 36.6 |
| | | | Ñ | 10 | 64 | 15 | 8.3 | 2.0 | 25.2 | 21.5 |
| | | | | 52 | | | 32.9 | 9.3 | 100.0 | 100.0 |
89 |
Licken Pine forest, 1990 |
53 | 240 | Ào | 9 | 40 | 18 | 0.4 | 0.2 | 1.3 | 1.3 |
| | | | A2 | 8 | 40 | 47 | 4.4 | 4.5 | 14.8 | 30.2 |
| | | | Â | 27 | 28 | 13 | 9.1 | 4.2 | 30.6 | 28.2 |
| | | | ÂÑ | 12 | 67 | 28 | 9.6 | 4.0 | 32.3 | 26.8 |
| | | | Ñ | 10 | 48 | 15 | 6.2 | 2.0 | 20.9 | 13.4 |
| | | | | 66 | | | 29.7 | 14.9 | 100.0 | 100.0 |
90 |
The same, 1987 |
80 | 245 | Ào | 2 | 35 | 19 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.7 | 1.4 |
| | | | À2 | 4 | 19 | 8 | 0.9 | 0.4 | 6.5 | 8.4 |
| | | | Â | 26 | 24 | 11 | 6.6 | 3.0 | 47.5 | 61.4 |
| | | | Ñ | 10 | 45 | 10 | 6.3 | 1.4 | 45.3 | 28.8 |
| | | | | 40 | | | 13.9 | 4.9 | 100.0 | 100.0 |
91 |
Empetrum Spruce forest, 1987 |
80 | 247 | Ào | 10 | 13 | 14 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.6 | 0.8 |
| | | | À2 | 7 | 13 | 7 | 1.1 | 0.6 | 7 .1 | 5.4 |
| | | | Â | 30 | 33 | 21 | 9.9 | 6.3 | 64.3 | 56.3 |
| | | | Ñ | 10 | 31 | 30 | 4.3 | 4.2 | 27.9 | 37.5 |
| | | | | 57 | | | 15.4 | 11.2 | 100.0 | 100.0 |
92 |
V. myrtillus Spruce forest, 1990 |
9 | 250 | Ào | 8 | 325 | 120 | 3.1 | 1.2 | 12.1 | 19.0 |
| | | | À2 | 3 | 40 | 7 | 1.4 | 0.3 | 5.5 | 4.8 |
| | | | Â | 19 | 25 | 6 | 5.7 | 1.4 | 22.3 | 22.2 |
| | | | ÂÑ | 40 | 22 | 5 | 10.6 | 2.4 | 41.3 | 38.1 |
| | | | Ñ | 10 | 37 | 8 | 4.8 | 1.0 | 18.6 | 15.9 |
| | | | | 80 | | | 25.6 | 6.3 | 100.0 | 100.0 |
93 |
V. myrtillus Pine forest, 1990 |
25 | 253 | Ào | 4 | 70 | 40 | 0.3 | 0.2 | 1.6 | 4.1 |
| | | | À2 | 3 | 48 | 9 | 1.7 | 0.3 | 8.9 | 6.1 |
| | | | Â | 9 | 45 | 13 | 4.9 | 1.4 | 25.7 | 28.6 |
| | | | ÂÑ | 10 | 64 | 14 | 7.7 | 1.7 | 40.3 | 34.7 |
| | | | Ñ | 10 | 35 | 10 | 4.5 | 1.3 | 23.6 | 26.5 |
| | | | | 36 | | | 19.1 | 4.9 | 100.0 | 100.0 |
94 |
The same, 1990 |
29 | 256 | Ào | 8 | 100 | 50 | 1.0 | 0.5 | | |
| | | | À2 | 4 | 75 | 10 | 3.6 | 0.5 | | |
| | | | Â | 15 | 33 | 11 | 5.9 | 2.0 | | |
| | | | ÂÑ | 15 | 72 | 21 | 13.0 | 3.8 | | |
95 | Empetrum Spruce forest, 1990 | 33 | 257 | Ào | 10 | 100 | 26 | 1.2 | 0.3 | | |
96 | V. myrtillus Spruce forest, 1990 | 35 | 258 | Ào | 7 | 80 | 25 | 0.7 | 0.2 | | |
97 | The same, 1990 | 34 | 260 | Ào | 6 | 80 | 20 | 0.6 | 0.1 | | |
98 | Tundra | 1990, 40 | 265 | Ào | 6 | 110 | 25 | 0.8 | 0.2 | | |
99 |
Empetrum Spruce forest, 1990 |
9 | 265 | Ào | 14 | 150 | 50 | 2.5 | 0.8 | 12.1 | 18.6 |
| | | | À2 | 3 | 24 | 5 | 0.9 | 0.2 | 4.4 | 4.7 |
| | | | Â | 13 | 38 | 4 | 5.9 | 0.6 | 28.7 | 14.0 |
| | | | ÂÑ | 13 | 42 | 12 | 6.6 | 1.9 | 32.0 | 44.1 |
| | | | Ñ | 10 | 36 | 6 | 4.7 | 0.8 | 22.8 | 18.6 |
| | | | | 53 | | | 20.6 | 4.3 | 100.0 | 100.0 |
100 | V. myrtillus and Empetrum Spruce forest, 1990 | 42 | 265 | Ào | 3 | 130 | 20 | 0.5 | 0.1 | | |
101 | V. myrtillus Spruce forest, 1990 | 36 | 277 | Ào | 5 | 30 | 25 | 0.2 | 0.1 | | |
102 | The same, 1990 | 37 | 282 | Ào | 7 | 60 | 38 | 0.5 | 0.3 | | |
| | | | Ào | 7 | 18 | 10 | 0.2 | 0.1 | | |
103 | The same, 1990 | 38 | 283 | Ào | 15 | 80 | 38 | 1.4 | 0.7 |
| |
104 | The same, 1990 | 40 | 290 | Ào | 10 | 90 | 14 | 1.1 | 0.2 | | |
105 | Pine forest on burnt area, 1990 | 21 | 300 | Ào | 4 | 100 | 50 | 0.5 | 0.3 | | |
106 | V. myrtillus Spruce forest, 1990 | 27 | 300 | Ào | 8 | 80 | 22 | 0.8 | 0.2 | | |
107 | Birch forest on burnt area, 1990 | 19 | 315 | Ào | 18 | 80 | 50 | 4.3 | 2.3 | | |
108 |
Heat Pine forest, 1990 |
8 | 324 |
Ào | 5 | 190 | 250 | 2.9 | 3.8 | 3.8 | 12.2 |
| | | | A2 | 5 | 89 | 20 | 5.3 | 1.2 | 7.0 | 3.9 |
| | | | Â | 18 | 128 | 46 | 27.6 | 9.9 | 36.5 | 31.7 |
| | | | ÂÑ | 20 | 126 | 41 | 30.2 | 9.8 | 39.8 | 31.4 |
| | | | Ñ | 10 | 75 | 49 | 9.8 | 6.5- | 12.9 | 20.8 |
| | | | | 58 | | | 75.8 | 31.2 | 100.0 | 100.0 |
109 |
Pine and birch forest, 1990 |
12 | 323 | Ào | 8 | 240 | 180 | 5.8 | 4.3 | 14.7 | 20.5 |
| | | | A2 | 2 | 25 | á | 0.6 | 0.2 | 1.5 | 0.7 |
| | | | Â | 18 | 47 | 18 | 10.2 | 3.9 | 25.9 | 18.6 |
| | | | ÂÑ | 18 | 44 | 14 | 9.5 | 3.0 | 24.1 | 14.3 |
| | | | Ñ | 10 | 102 | 74 | 13.3 | 9.6 | 33.8 | 45.7 |
| | | | |
56 | | | 39.4 | 21.0 | 100.0 | 100.0 |
110 | V. vitis-idaea, 1990 | 18 | 328 | Ào | 7 | 263 | 88 | 2.2 | 0.7 | | |
111 | Heat Pine forest, 1990 | 10 | 330 | Ào | 14 | 750 | 330 | 31.5 | 13.9 | | |
112 | V. myrtillus and Empetrum Spruce forest, 1990 | 16 | 330 | Ào | 17 | 260 | 70 | 5.3 | 1.4 | | |
113 |
Pine forest on burnt area, 1990 | 21 | 331 |
Ào | 8 | 130 | 48 | 3.1 | 1.2 | 9.2 | 10.4 |
| | | | A2 | 8 | 5 | 4 | 0.5 | 0.4 | 1.5 | 3.5 |
| | | | Â | 15 | 16 | 10 | 0.9 | 1.8 | 8.6 | 15.7 |
| | | | ÂÑ | 15 | 70 | 20 | 12.6 | 3.6 | 37.4 | 31.3 |
| | | | Ñ | 15 | 81 | 25 | 14.6 | 4.5 | 43.3 | 39.1 |
| | | | | 61 | | | 33.7 | 11.5 | 100.0 | 100.0 |
114 |
V. myrtillus Pine forest, 1990 |
26 | 330 | Ào | 5 | 310 | 120 | 1.9 | 0.7 | 18.1 | 18.0 |
| | | | A2 | 3 | 48 | 9 | 1.7 | 0.3 | 16.2 | 7.7 |
| | | | Â | 15 | 22 | 5 | 4.0 | 0.9 | 38.1 | 23.1 |
| | | | ÂÑ | 15 | 6 | 4 | 1.1 | 0.7 | 10.5 | 17.9 |
| | | | Ñ | 10 | 14 | 10 | 1.8 | 1.3 | 17.1 | 33.3 |
| | | | | 48 | | | 10.5 | 3.9 | 100.0 | 100.0 |
115 | Empetrum Spruce forest, 1990 | 28 | 333 | Ào | 9 | 110 | 40 | 1.2 | 0.4 | | |
116 | Pine and birch forest, 1990 | 28 | 336 | Ào | 7 | 160 | 50 | 3.4 | 1.1 | 12.6 | 15.9 |
| | | | A2 | á | 66 | 16 | 4.8 | 1.2 | 17.8 | 17.4 |
| | | | Â | 13 | 60 | 16 | 9.4 | 2.5 | 34.8 | 36.2 |
| | | | BÑ | s | 44 | 12 | 4.2 | 1.2 | 15.6 | 17.4 |
| | | | Ñ | 10 | 40 | 7 | 5.2 | 0.9 | 19.3 | 13.1 |
| | | | | 44 | | | 27.0 | 6.9 | 100.0 | 100.0 |
117 | Heath Pine forest, 1990 | 32 | 337 | Ào | 6 | 180 | 60 | 3.2 | 1.1 | 16.0 | 20 8 |
| | | | B | 12 | 34 | 7 | 4.9 | 1.0 | 24.5 | 18.9 |
| | | | BC | 15 | 26 | 6 | 4.7 | 1.1 | 23.5 | 20.8 |
| | | | Ñ | 25 | 24 | 7 | 7.2 | 2.1 | 36.0 | 39.6 |
| | | | | 58 | | | 20.0 | 5.3 | 100.0 | 100.0 |
Table 4
Accumulation of nickel and copper in the soils of urban and suburban territories |
¹/¹ |
Place and tine of samples gathering |
Location of plot relatively to the smelter |
Horizon |
Horizon thickness |
Content, mg/kg |
Quantity in a soil column, having sg. 1 sg.m |
Distribution upon genetic horizons, % |
km |
degreee |
Ni |
Cu |
Ni |
Cu |
Ni |
Cu |
1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 |
1 | Oats field, 1988 | 4 | 45 | A(till) | 8-20 | 357 | 159 | | | | |
2 | Headow (embanknent of Lunbolka lake) 1988 | 4.5 | 50 | A(till) | 0-1 1-5 5-20 | 2425 975 204 | 1566 639 63 | | | | |
2 | Spruce forest (town park) 1988 | 4.5 | 55 | Ao | 7 | 1327 | 726 | 4.6 | 2.5 | 15.4 | 30.9 |
| | | | A2-B | 10 | 26 | 7 | 3.1 | 0.8 | 10.4 | 9.9 |
| | | | B | 20 | 81 | 13 | 16.2 | 2.6 | 54.4 | 32.0 |
| | | | Ñ | 10 | 42 | 16 | 5.9 | 2.2 | 19.8 | 27.2 |
| | | | | 47 | | | 29.8 | 8.1 | 100.0 | 100.0 |
4 |
Spruce forest (after-work Banatotiua), 1988 | 5 | 55 | Ao | 7 | 1601 | 905 | 5.6 | 3.2 | 17.3 | 19.8 |
| | | | A2 | 5 | 49 | 7 | 2.9 | 0.4 | 9.0 | 2.5 |
| | | | Â | 40 | 28 | 13 | 11.2 | 5.2 | 34.7 | 32.0 |
| | | | ÂÑ | 20 | 29 | 19 | 7.0 | 4.6 | 21.7 | 28.4 |
| | | | Ñ | 10 | 40 | 20 | 5.6 | 2.8 | 17.3 | 17.3 |
| | | | | 82 | | | 32.3 | 16.2 | 100.0 | 100.0 |
5 | Pine-burch forest, top of slope (Forest Inst. Station), 1986 | 6 | 65 | Ao | 5 | 1345 | 640 | 10.1 | 4.8 | 18.8 | 24.0 |
| | | | A2 | 4 | 92 | 26 | 4.2 | 1.2 | 7.9 | 6.0 |
| | | | Â | 7 | 97 | 33 | 7.1 | 2.4 | 13.3 | 12.0 |
| | | | ÂÑ | 16 | 112 | 31 | 21.5 | 6.0 | 40.3 | 30.0 |
| | | | Ñ | 10 | 75 | 40 | 10.5 | 5.6 | 19.7 | 28.0 |
| | | | | 42 | | | 53.4 | 20.0 | 100.0 | 100.0 |
6 | The same place, Bottom of slope, 1986 | 6 | 65 | Ao | 7 | 1025 | 464 | 10.8 | 4.9 | 22.7 | 19.8 |
| | | | A2 | 6 | 45 | 13 | 3.1 | 0.9 | 6.5 | 3.6 |
| | | | Â | 18 | 58 | 30 | 10.0 | 8.7 | 21.0 | 23.0 |
| | | | ÂÑ | 15 | 73 | 42 | 13.1 | 7.6 | 27.6 | 30.8 |
| | | | Ñ | 10 | 75 | 40 | 10.5 | 5.6 | 22.2 | 22.6 |
| | | | | 56 | | | 47.5 | 24.7 | 100.0 | 100.0 |
7 | Vaccinium vitis-idaea pine forest, (Moncha settlement), 1988 | 4 | 80 | Ao | 25 | 590 | 297 | 22.1 | 11.1 | 48.5 | 44.8 |
| | | | A2-B | 5 | 68 | 13 | 3.9 | 0.7 | 8.5 | 2.8 |
| | | | ÂÑ | 30 | 40 | 28 | 12.6 | 8.8 | 27.6 | 35.5 |
| | | | Ñ | 10 | 50 | 30 | 7.0 | 4.2 | 27.6 | 35.5 | | | | | | 70 | | | 45.6 | 24.8 | 100.0 | 100.0 |
8 | The same (Moncha settlement), 1988 | 5 | 80 | Ao | 8 | 652 | 386 | 7.8 | 4.6 | 16.2 | 12.3 |
| | | | A2 | 3 | 37 | 12 | 1.3 | 0.4 | 2.7 | 1.1 |
| | | | Â | 50 | 44 | 32 | 23.1 | 16.8 | 47.8 | 48.0 |
| | | | ÂÑ | 20 | 38 | 47 | 9.1 | 11.3 | 18.8 | 30.3 |
| | | | Ñ | 10 | 50 | 30 | 7.0 | 4.2 | 14.5 | 11.3 |
| | | | | 91 | | | 48.3 | 37.3 | 100.0 | 100.0 |
9 |
The same (Moncha settlement), 1988 |
6 | 80 | Ao | 4 | 871 | 387 | 5.2 | 2.3 | 15.8 | 10.2 |
| | | | A2 | 4 | 50 | 7 | 2.3 | 0.3 | 7.0 | 1.3 |
| | | | Â | 25 | 48 | 42 | 17.6 | 15.5 | 53.5 | 68.6 |
| | | | Ñ | 10 | 56 | 32 | 7.8 | 4.5 | 23.7 | 19.9 |
| | | | | 53 | | | 32.9 | 22.6 | 100.0 | 100.0 |
10 | The same(Ridje-bay settl.), 1988 | 12 | 125 | Ao | 6 | 315 | 142 | 2.8 | 1.3 | 16.2 | 8.1 |
| | | | A2 | 17 | 12 | 5 | 2.3 | 1.0 | 13.3 | 6.2 |
| | | | Â | 23 | 32 | 28 | 7.7 | 6.7 | 44.5 | 41.6 |
| | | | ÂÑ | 16 | 18 | 22 | 3.5 | 4.2 | 22.2 | 26.1 |
| | | | Ñ | 10 | 8 | 24 | 1.0 | 2.9 | 5.8 | 18.0 |
| | | | | 53 | | | 32.9 | 22.6 | 100.0 | 100.0 |
11 | Technogenic heath (Grass lake), 1988 | 2 | 0 | Ao | 3 | 2499 | 1898 | 75.0 | 57.0 | 48.5 | 53.2 |
| | | | A2 | 3 | 2429 | 6183 | 3.7 | 9.3 | 2.4 | 8.7 |
| | | | Â | 6 | 198 | 465 | 11.9 | 27.9 | 7.7 | 26.1 |
| | | | ÂÑ | 13 | 219 | 44 | 34.2 | 6.9 | 22.2 | 6.4 |
| | | | Ñ | 10 | 212 | 43 | 29.7 | 6.0 | 19.2 | 5.6 |
| | | | | 53 | | | 32.9 | 22.6 | 100.0 | 100.0 |
12 | Burnt area, 1988 | 3 | 0 | Ao | 5 | 9288 | 4622 | 23.2 | 11.6 | 18.5 | 16.8 |
| | | | A2 | 3 | 120 | 171 | 4.3 | 6.2 | 3.5 | 8.9 |
| | | | Â | 10 | 260 | 206 | 26.0 | 20.1 | 20.8 | 28.9 |
| | | | ÂÑ | 14 | 278 | 161 | 46.7 | 27.0 | 37.2 | 38.8 |
| | | | Ñ | 10 | 180 | 33 | 25.2 | 4.6 | 20.0 | 6.6 |
| | | | | 53 | | | 32.9 | 22.6 | 100.0 | 100.0 |
13 |
Meadow (Reed lake), 1988 | 1.5 | 296 | Ao | 7 | 2798 | 1552 | 9.8 | 5.4 | 13.4 | 18.6 |
| | | | A2 | 3 | 96 | 11 | 3.5 | 4.0 | 4.8 | 13.8 |
| | | | Â | 9 | 156 | 43 | 14.0 | 4.1 | 19.2 | 14.2 |
| | | | ÂÑ | 12 | 177 | 56 | 25.5 | 8.1 | 34.9 | 27.9 |
| | | | Ñ | 10 | 144 | 53 | 20.2 | 7.4 | 27.7 | 25.5 |
| | | | | 41 | | | 73.0 | 29.0 | 100.0 | 100.0 |
14 | Felled area (Slope of Nittis hill), 1988 | 2.5 | 270 | Ao | 1 | 1334 | 486 | 4.7 | 1.7 | 11.5 | 9.3 |
| | | | A2 | 4 | 85 | 22 | 4.1 | 1.1 | 10.0 | 6.0 |
| | | | Â | 8 | 98 | 33 | 7.8 | 2.6 | 19.2 | 14.2 |
| | | | ÂÑ | 15 | | | | | | |
15 | Enpetrun spruce forest, 1986 | 3 | 245 | Ao | 4 | 1807 | 441 | 3.6 | 0.9 | 4.1 | 8.5 |
| | | | À2 | 3 | 157 | 33 | 5.7 | 1.2 | 6.4 | 11.3 |
| | | | Â | 10 | 144 | 21 | 14.4 | 2.1 | 16.3 | 19.8 |
| | | | ÂÑ | 11 | 241 | 22 | 31.8 | 2.9 | 36.0 | 27.4 |
| | | | Ñ | 10 | 235 | 25 | 32.9 | 3.5 | 37.2 | 33.0 |
| | | | | 38 | | | 88.4 | 10.6 | 100.0 | 100.0 |
Table 5
Accumulation of nickel and copper by genetic horizons of sphagnum bog soil |
No of bog (forest) site* |
Place and time of samples gathering |
Plot position |
Horizon depth |
Content, mg/kg |
distance km |
azimuth (°) |
cm |
Ni |
Cu |
1 | 2 | 3 | 4 |
5 | 6 | 7 |
1 (1) | Moncha lake - Sukhoy porog, 1989 | 20 | 0 | 0-5 | 1600 | 900 | | | | | 5-10 | 210 | 50 |
| | | | 15-20 | 125 | 25 |
2 (2) | Moncha lake - Pivnus-bay, 1989 |
16 | 15 |
0-5 | 900 | 5702 |
| | | | 5-10 | 400 | 75 |
| | | | 10-15 | 290 | 50 |
| | | | 15-20 | 180 | 30 |
3 | Koim lake, 1990 | 19 |
70 | 0-5 | 275 | 189 |
| | | | 5-10 | 148 | 68 |
| | | | 10-15 | 133 | 124 |
| | | | 15-20 | 138 | 68 |
4 (10) | Imandra lake - Pustay bay, 1989 |
20 | 70 | 0-5 | 80 | 22 |
| | | | 5-10 | | |
| | | | 10-15 | 30 | 38 |
| | | | 15-20 | 125 | 25 |
5 (15) | Imandra lake - Moncha bay, SW shore, 1990 |
9 | 80 |
0-5 | 503 | 302 |
| | | | 5-10 | 180 | 47 |
| | | | 10-15 | 54 | 34 |
| | | | 15-20 | 33 | 10 |
6 (14) | Imandra lake - Moncha bay, NE shore, 1990 |
10 | 79 |
0-5 | 505 | 305 |
| | | | 5-10 | 340 | 106 |
| | | | 10-15 | 215 | 67 |
| | | | 15-20 | 83 | 68 |
7 | Big Imandra lake - (opposite Koim island), 1990 |
14 | 85 |
0-5 | 200 | 169 |
| | | | 5-10 | 205 | 100 |
| | | | 10-15 | 150 | 33 |
| | | | 15-20 | 52 | 41 |
8 (15) | Big Imandra lake - Moncha bay, left shore, Alder cape, 1990 |
13 | 94 |
0-5 | 652 | 290 |
| | | | 5-10 | 240 | 90 |
| | | | 10-15 | 150 | 35 |
| | | | 15-20 | 54 | 19 |
9 (17) | Imandra lake - Beaver bay, 1990 |
11 | 106 |
0-5 | 450 | 380 |
| | | | 5-10 | 355 | 192 |
| | | | 10-15 | 255 | 84 |
| | | | 15-20 | 109 | 56 |
10 (46) | Lower Chuna river - the mouth, 1990 |
32 | 186 |
0-5 | 275 | 94 |
| | | | 5-10 | 143 | 50 |
| | | | 10-15 | 88 | 35 |
| | | | 15-29 | 55 | 39 |
11 (48) | Ostrovskoye lake, West shore, 1990 |
12 | 190 |
0-5 | 1400 | |
| | | | 5-10 | 290 | |
| | | | 10-15 | 240 | |
12 (28) | Vitte river, the mouth, 1990 |
14 | 190 |
0-5 | 1225 | 500 |
| | | | 5-10 | 50 | 18 |
| | | | 10-15 | 50 | 19 |
13 (51,52) | Kenzis-yavr (lake), 1990 |
23 | 197 |
0-5 | 513 | 222 |
| | | | 5-10 | 218 | 220 |
| | | | 10-15 | 65 | 58 |
14 (55) | El-yavr (lake), the North end, 1990 |
26.5 | 197 |
0-5 | 450 | 150 |
| | | | 5-10 | 300 | 106 |
| | | | 10-15 | 240 | 91 |
15 (55) | El-yavr (lake), the North end, 1990 |
27 | 197 |
0-5 | 425 | 125 |
| | | | 5-10 | 83 | 58 |
| | | | 10-15 | 35 | 50 |
| | | | 15-20 | 60 | 53 |
16 (47) | Ostrovekoye lake, the East shcra, 1990 |
11.5 | 203 |
0-5 | 2500 | 1634 |
| | | | 5-10 | 275 | 129 |
| | | | 10-15 | 108 | 30 |
| | | | 15-20 | 65 | 17 |
17 (55) | Tulp lake, the South shore, 1990 |
23.5 | 202 |
0-5 | 700 | 294 |
| | | | 5-10 | 218 | 68 |
| | | | 10-15 | 100 | 38 |
| | | | 15-20 | 75 | 36 |
18 (60) | Vitte river, the left bank, 1990 |
10 | 210 |
0-5 | 1375 | |
| | | | 5-10 | 425 | |
| | | | 10-15 | 350 | |
19 (102) | Kupes lake, near the cordon, 1990 |
37 | 282 |
0-5 | 20 | 12 |
| | | | 5-10 | 15 | 13 |
| | | | 10-15 | 15 | 12 |
| | | | 15-20 | 13 | 15 |
20 (104) | Nyavka lake, NE bay , 1990 |
40 | 290 |
0-5 | 23 | 12 |
| | | | 5-10 | 13 | 9 |
| | | | 10-15 | 13 | 8 |
| | | | 15-20 | 13 | 6 |
21 | Sig lake, 1990 |
33 | 298 |
0-5 | 30 | 27 |
| | | | 5-10 | 30 | 18 |
| | | | 10-15 | 35 | 18 |
| | | | 15-20 | 13 | 19 |
*Samples from the forest sites (for the compareson) are numbered according to Tab. 4 |
References
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